Thursday, May 14, 2020
The Destruction Of The Monarchy During The French Revolution
The destruction of the monarchy during the French Revolution symbolized the Enlightened opinion that people shared fundamental rights. Questions about what it truly meant to be a citizen, especially in respect to political responsibilities such as voting and holding offices, were passionately contemplated and defined. However, prejudices quickly created controversies over whom, exactly, these rights and privileges belonged to. Craftily referred to as ââ¬Å"citizenessesâ⬠, women were one such deliberated group during the French Revolution. In an era when absolute religious rule was renounced, opposing opinions tried to justify the inclusion or exclusion of women in this civil rights revolution using their own interpretation of what ââ¬Å"natureâ⬠intended. After the collapse of a monarchy, which was so closely tied to the Catholic Church, the revolutionary government was adamant to isolate itself from religious influence. A new calendar system was put into place, which rejected the traditional religious holidays and eliminated the biblical seven-day week and Sunday Sabbath (1793 Republican Calendar, p.1-2). Instead, a new emphasis and respect was attributed to nature. For example, the months in the Republican calendar were named for seasonal and agricultural phenomenon such as ââ¬Å"Vendemiaireâ⬠, translated to ââ¬Å"Harvestâ⬠, and ââ¬Å"Brumaireâ⬠, ââ¬Å"Fogâ⬠(1793 Republican Calendar, p.2). Nature also played an important role in peoplesââ¬â¢ understanding of human rights. In the Declaration of theShow MoreRelatedComparative Essay On The American And French Revolutions1486 Words à |à 6 Pages3.1 Short Paper: Comparative Essay on the American and French Revolutions 1.) Why does the United States come out its revolution with a republic instead of a monarchy? Why do the French wind up with an Emperor Napoleon but the United States does not have a King George of the House of Washington? There are moments in our history where the citizens of the world stand up and for their beliefs, their honor, and themselves. They come together to reform the existing government that is holding themRead MoreWas The French Nobility Responsible For The Crisis That Destroyed The Ancien Regime?1627 Words à |à 7 Pagesthe French nobility responsible for the crisis that destroyed the ancien regime? Many Historians have come to the decisive conclusion that the French Revolution, an event that characterises Modern European History, has changed Europe. It was a time period that took place prior to the rise of Napoleon Bonaparte, between 1789 and the late 1970s. it denotes a time period in which the French civilians were aroused unanimously in overturning the traditionalistic ââ¬Å"institutionsâ⬠such as the monarchy andRead MoreArtistic Revolution : David Delacroix731 Words à |à 3 Pages Many attribute the evolution of the French revolution as the catalyst for redirection of the style of artwork from Baroque and Rococo to Neoclassical and Romanticism. Two leading masterpieces that support this aspect are respectively: Jacques-Louis David, Oath of the Horatii, (c. 1784) and Eugà ¨ne Delacroix, Liberty Leading the People, (c. 1830). As commented in Essential Humanities (2016), the French revolution ââ¬Å"in all its heroic glory and grisly destructionâ⬠(par. 10) is masterfully portrayed inRead MoreThe French Revolution And The American Revolution1254 Words à |à 6 PagesThe French Revolution was an influential period of social and political upheaval in France that lasted from 1789 until 1799, and was partially carried forward by Napoleon during the later expansion of the French Empire. The Revolution overthrew the monarchy, established a republic, experienced violent periods of political turmoil, and finally culminated in a dictatorship by Napoleon that rapidly brought many of its principles to Western Europe and beyond. Inspired by liberal and radical ideas, theRead MoreNapoleon timeline Essay1026 Words à |à 5 PagesFrench Revolution and Napoleonic Era Worksheet HIS/114 Version 3 1 University of Phoenix Material French Revolution and Napoleonic Era Worksheet 1. Essay Explain, in 1,050 to 1,400 words, how the following ideas and ideals influenced the events and motivated the participants in the French Revolution: â⬠¢ Liberty â⬠¢ Equality â⬠¢ Brotherhood â⬠¢ Hubris â⬠¢ Fiscal irresponsibility â⬠¢ Democracy â⬠¢ Technology â⬠¢ The French Revolution took place between 1789-1799. This war helpedRead MoreThe French Revolution By Edmund Burke Essay1538 Words à |à 7 Pagesmoments for human history, the French Revolution transpired amongst a slew of issues which caught France at a point of near destruction. Historians have debated for centuries whether the country has truly benefitted from this ten-year war within itself or the consequences of the bloody revolution, which includes the killing of thousands of people, were actually necessary. The outcome of the French Revolution did not immediately bring about the destruction of the monarchy and financial prosperity amongstRead MoreThe French Revolution And The Revolution1523 Words à |à 7 PagesThe French Revolution was a time rife with violence, with many revolutionaries using extreme actions to overturn the French Monarchy and create a government based on equality and justice, rather than tyranny and despotism. This violence reached gruesome and terrible heights throughout the revolution, but was justified by the revolutionaries, who believed that their goals of total equality, the end of tyranny, and the return to a virtuous society, allowed them to use means necessary to attain theseRead MoreThe French Revolution Essay907 Words à |à 4 PagesDuring the eighteenth century, France was one of the most richest and prosperous countries in Europe, but many of the peasants were not happy with the way France was being ruled. On July 14, 1789, peasants and soldiers stormed the Bastille and initiated the French Revolution. This essay will analyze the main causes of the French Revolution, specifically, the ineffectiveness of King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette, the dissatisfaction of the Third Estate, and the Enlightenment. It will also be arguedRead MoreThe Truth About Marie Antoinette1305 Words à |à 6 Pagesfist. She was a foreign wife and queen once she married King Louis XVI of France. Throughout her rule over France, Marie Antoinet te was kept under a light of ignorance by the people, and therefore, should not be blamed for their suffering, the French Revolution, and the failures of her husband. She was hated by the people of France the moment she became queen, which ultimately led her to her downfall. Queen Marie Antoinette is known for her infamous quote ââ¬Å"let them eat cakeâ⬠, in a scandal where sheRead MoreEssay on Use of Terror in the French Revolution 1108 Words à |à 5 Pagesradicalization eventually lead to the downfall of Maximilian Robespierre and the Committee of Public Safety. Maximillian Robespierre and the Committee of Public Safety used excessive terror to enforce new revolutionary changes during the French Revolution. After the old French government was overthrown, Maximillian Robespierre took control of France in 1793. Robespierre wanted to change the social and economic structure of France for the better, spreading equality throughout France. Robespierre believed
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Essay about The American Civil War - 876 Words
The United States has been involved in many wars throughout history. Americans have fought and died in many wars such as the war for independence in World War I to Desert Storm. One of the bloodiest wars in our nationââ¬â¢s history is without a doubt is the Civil War. Prior to the beginning of the Civil War, the country was divided by the issue of slavery. When President Lincoln was elected to office, several states seceded from the Union. During this war, ââ¬Å"Over six hundred thousand men died, and hundreds of thousands more bore the scars of war.â⬠(Russell Civil War. Encyclopedia of American Studies) The War started in April of 1861, The country expected this war to be brief when the Confederacy only 100 miles away from Washington D.C. inâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦This battle war technically a draw, but was considered a victory by the Union. This gave President Lincoln the opportunity to issue the Emancipation Proclamation, which declared all states in rebellion would lose all of their slaves. In the eyes of many, The Emancipation Proclamation gave the Union a new reason to fight, the freedom of slaves. In the beginning, Union Soldiers did not want African Americas to serve in the Army. ââ¬Å"After the second Confiscation Act, Union generals formed black regiments in New Orleans and on the Sea Island off the coast of South Carolina and Georgiaâ⬠(The Enduring Vision 499). Without these black soldiers, President Lincoln believed the War would not last long. ââ¬Å"By the spring of 1865, nearly 200,00 African Americans were serving with the Union.â⬠( WK_16 Civil War Reconstruction PowerPoint slide 6) This was due to the increase the rising numbers of freed black slaves and the falling numbers of white volunteers. One of the most important battles won by the Union, was the Battle of Gettysburg, which took place from July 1st to July 3rd 1863. This battle is considered to be the turning point of the war. During this battle, the South wanted to collect supplies and move battles away from Virginia, which was heavily damaged due to the war. At first, it seemed the South had the advantage over the Union when Northern troops were driven back to Cemetery Hill. The SouthShow MoreRelatedAmerican War And The American Civil War1551 Words à |à 7 Pageswhich then caused the Southern states of America to decide to leave the American Union and create their own Southern Confederacy. This tore our nation apart. The American Civil War had begun and the very people that were once neighbors had each otherââ¬â¢s blood on their hands. Many American lives had been lost. The American lives lost in the Civil War even exceeded the number of American lives lost during World War I and World War II. We were divided. The North wanted to reunite with the southern statesRead MoreThe War Of The American Civil War1376 Words à |à 6 PagesThe American Civil War was arguably the most important war in the history of the country. The War of Independence may have allowed American to become itsââ¬â¢ own country, but the Civil War resulted in something even more important than that, the end of slavery in the southern states. All of the issues that caused the Civil war were based around slavery, such as statesââ¬â¢ rights that involved how slavery would be handled in each state, and trying to preserve the Union since the south seceded from the northRead MoreThe American Civil War1296 Words à |à 6 Pages The American Civil War, also known as the Stateââ¬â¢s War, was a conflict that arose mostly from the issue of slavery, but deep down was due to economic differences between the North and the South. The South seceded from the North and created their own self-government due to their belief in th e lack of stateââ¬â¢s rights versus the federal government and what they saw as a weakness in the Articles of Confederation. While the Confederacy of the United States depended on slave labor for their economy in regardsRead MoreThe American Civil War1418 Words à |à 6 PagesGuns fired, smoke lingering in the air, people dying. The American Civil War had a huge impact on the United States. Two compromises took place before the start of the Civil War. These compromises include the Missouri Compromise and the Compromise of 1850. The Missouri Compromise dealt with the crisis in 1819 over Missouri entering the Union as a slave state. The compromise was ââ¬Å"the first major crisis over slavery, and it shattered a tacit agreement between the two regions that had been in placeRead MoreThe War Of The American Civil War1618 Words à |à 7 Pages A Civil War is a battle between the same citizens in a country. The American Civil War was fought from 1861 to 1865 to determine the indepe ndence for the Confederacy or the survival of the Union. By the time Abraham Lincoln was elected president in 1861, in the mist of 34 states, the constant disagreement caused seven Southern slave states to their independence from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America. The Confederacy, generally known as the South, grew to include elevenRead MoreThe War Of The American Civil War1324 Words à |à 6 PagesThere were many events that led to the cause of one of Americaââ¬â¢s most devastating war, the American Civil War. The American Civil War was an unfortunate war that cost more than the lives of six hundred thousand people. Events such as the Missouri Compromise, Kansas Nebraska Act, Dred Scott Decision, and the Election of Abraham Lincoln resulted in the four yearlong battles between the Northern and Southern states due to social and economic differences on the idea of slavery. In the 19th century,Read MoreThe War Of The American Civil War856 Words à |à 4 PagesSlavery may have been established as the catalyst of the American Civil War, but the beginning of the dispute began in the time of the Revolution with a weak decentralized government under the Articles of Confederation. Later gained momentum as territorial expansion set Americans against each other on debating whether the new states should be slave states or free states, it questioned the power of the Federal government regarding state rights, and brought about instability in the unity of the UnitedRead MoreThe War Of The American Civil War Essay1472 Words à |à 6 PagesThe American Civil War lasted from April 12, 1861 to May 9, 1865. It was the bloodiest war in American history, killing approximately 620,000 soldiers in total. The War was fought and won by the North, ensuring that all the United States would stay united and slavery would be illegal in The United States. However, history is one of the most complicated things in the world. Itââ¬â¢s also one of the most important things in the world because history is what made the present possible. Historians have debatedRead MoreThe American Civil War878 Words à |à 4 PagesIntroduction A civil war is a prolonged high-intensity conflict between people, countries, or parties, which is usually barefaced and armed. Every war has its causes either acceptable or not and some are inevitable. Commonly, civil wars are between countries within a state. It results from one country aiming to make implementations on their governing policies or take control of certain areas within the state. 1Civil War refers to the American Civil War, which took place in the year 1861 to 1865Read MoreThe War Of The American Civil War960 Words à |à 4 Pagesslavery even if it meant war caused peace in this nation. Slavery was the vital cause of the American Civil War. The north and the south both had their differences on how to run the country. People in the North believed in unity and that slavery should not exist because ââ¬Å"all men are created equally.â⬠On the other hand, the South believed in continuing slavery. People tried to talk it out and come to a middle ground after both s ides compromising, however that didnââ¬â¢t work and caused war. Ideological differences
Tuesday, May 5, 2020
Research Report on Reliabilty and Validity
What were the research findings? For analyzing the hypothesis on the effects of stress on the memory of a person it is important to understand the two perspective of hypothesis conducted for completing the research study. It is important to notice that is there any difference on the basis of procedure of conducting the test or on basis of time (Blonna, 2014). For commenting on the reliability and validity of the results of a hypothesis, it is important to understand the difference between the observations from the participants in the interview session. A self assessment test was conducted with about 20 participants and it was found that the response of the participants was different in two different sessions (CAO, LIU, TIAN GUO, 2012). In the first session the participants were full of stress and the memory of the participants did not work that much as compared to the session after the break. It was found from the experiment that the memory of the participants responded more effectively when there is less stress, i .e. after the break. As the participants got time to rest, their mind went through a restoration period and the capacity of their mind to memories the words increased. Hence, it was found from the hypothesis that a human minds works better when the stress level is low (Carmines Zeller, n.d.). What Statistics were included in this section? For conducting the research different types of participants are used, those who faces stress in their daily job. Through the research different types of variables are used that are analyzed to get the outcomes of the research (Franzen, Robbins Sawicki, 1989). These variables are of two types. One is dependent variables and the other is the independent variables. Dependable variables are different from that of independent variables because of their dependency with other variables. The variables that are directly related with stress and memory capacity are dependent variable whereas those variables which are correlated with the other variables are independent variables. Here in this hypothesis, the correlation between the dependent and the independent variables are utilized to get a huge difference in the observation of the hypothesis. These variables are compulsory for conducting a research study. The variables are collected by conducting the interview and self assessment program in which the T-test was done with the use of the variables (Kirk Miller, 1986). The variables collected can be represented in tabular format that will help the researcher in solving the research problems. Here the data that sates that the participant is able to answer how many questions and job of the participant are useful variable that helps to find the outcome of the research. Did the authors report any reliability data for their measures? What were they? Did you note construct validity in this experiment? If so, what type? Yes the author has provided reliability of data because the author has supported the data with a personal interview and self assessment session that proves the reliability of the data collected for analysis in the research study (Aven Heide, 2009). The measurement of number of words remembered by each participants, result for each session, etc. are the examples of reliability of data that is been used in the research study. The hypothesis also shows signs of construct validity because it is conducted on the basis of the personal interview and self assessment of the participants. No external source of data is been used in the hypothesis. Describe the possible research findings and measures that would be used to assess the experimental outcomes. The results from the interview can be used as variables which would help in statistical analysis. Through statistical analysis the finding and measures can be utilized to get the final outcome of the research study (Koc Erdemoglu, 2010). The variables can be used to find the standard deviation to know the difference in the observation of the variables and correlation and regression to know the inter dependency of the variables. From this measures and findings the outcome of the research is obtained that shows the statistical analysis of the data. The statistical data for how many words the student remembers, stress level of the student, etc. helps the researcher to make the statistical analysis with numeric values and this further helps to find the actual outcome of the hypothesis (Sherif, 1987). Define the proposed statistical methods as either descriptive or inferential with a specific example that supports your choice. Here in this hypothesis, descriptive statistical analysis is used to show the results of the findings and measures (Litwin, 1995). The analysis done explains the outcome of the report and provides enough information to know the final outcome of the hypothesis. Hence, the descriptive method is suitable in this hypothesis. This hypothesis generally depends on descriptive analysis therefore a descriptive statistical method is been used in this research study. This shows that the variables used in the hypothesis are reliable and valid because it is supported by a personal interview and self assessment of the participants (Acaroglu, Suhonen, Sendir Kaya, 2010). Discussions After all the research work has been done it can be said that the research findings are certainly supported the hypothesis to a great extent. After thoroughly examined of the research studies one can easily find impact of stress on the memory of human beings. As it is told in the hypothesis human brain can be certainly affected by daily life stress to a huge extent (Schubert, 2009). The memory power can be decreased if the level of stress exerted on brain is increased. For example the persons who have been working regular for about 14 to 18 hours and have lack of sleep can lose the memory power to some of extent. Was the research reliable? Why or why not? The research work which has been done is certainly reliable. As shown in the research work, human brain can react to stress. It can cause shortage of memory to those who are very busy and have lead to live stressed life for their studies or work or for some other reasons. A lot of important statistics can be obtained from this research on this particular subject such as the pattern of the memory shortage of a particular group of people who lead same sort of life and goes through the same amount of pressure. Did the study list any suggestions for improvement and replication? How? Write your answer with examples? Of course, the study indeed listed some suggestions for improvement (Liu Li, 2014). There are more scopes to ensure how human brain acts when it is gone through the stress of some variable levels. This particular study shows that more experiments should be done to determine the stress level of a human brain. It can be elaborated through the following examples. A discussion of any potential ethical concerns related to the experiment design. This type of experiments should be done more and more on different type of people to understand the different reaction of human brains in different circumstances. That should enlarge the information about the behavior of human brain and the whole society should be benefited from this (Patchen, 1965). To avoid any potential ethical concerns the experiments should be monitored very carefully and one has to make sure that results are well verified before it is published publically. For the society it is very important to ensure this type of measures should be taken. A discussion of potential variables that could influence internal validity. One has to keep an eye on the potential variables such as the people who are taking part in the studies as they possibly could affect the outcome of the experiment. The more the variable are the more different types of result have to be emerged (Saipanish, Lotrakul Sumrithe, 2009). Therefore the experiment should be done on the people in proper way and the observation part becomes more and more important. People is tend to get carried away in these types of experiments and thus the outcome could be different. That part should be taken under huge consideration too. Comments about how the outcomes of this experiment would be generalized to the general population. After all the hard works have been done the outcomes of the particular experiment from different types of variables become more and more important. Therefore the analysis of the outcome is too much essential for the experiment (WU, 2008). Through the outcome people should able to understand how the human brain can act in certain stressful situation. People can also learn to deal with their stress if they can control their brain to some extent through practice. The people who are undecided in stress can find a way out through these types of experiments outcome to a great extent. So far it can be said that human brain can adopt itself when it comes to memory in stressful situations too if it can be trained in a proper way. References Acaroglu, R., Suhonen, R., Sendir, M., Kaya, H. (2010). Reliability and validity of Turkish version of the Individualised Care Scale.Journal Of Clinical Nursing,20(1-2), 136-145. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2702.2010.03468.x Aven, T., Heide, B. (2009). Reliability and validity of risk analysis.Reliability Engineering System Safety,94(11), 1862-1868. doi:10.1016/j.ress.2009.06.003 Blonna, D. (2014). Validity and reliability of the SPORTS score for shoulder instability.Jts. doi:10.11138/jts/2014.2.2.059 CAO, X., LIU, X., TIAN, L., GUO, Y. (2012). The reliability and validity of the Chinese version of nurses self-concept questionnaire.Journal Of Nursing Management,21(4), 657-667. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2834.2012.01419.x Carmines, E., Zeller, R.Reliability and validity assessment. Franzen, M., Robbins, D., Sawicki, R. (1989).Reliability and validity in neuropsychological assessment. New York: Plenum Press. Kirk, J., Miller, M. (1986).Reliability and validity in qualitative research. Beverly Hills: Sage Publications. Koc, R., Erdemoglu, A. (2010). Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Self-Administered Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs (S-LANSS) Questionnaire.Pain Medicine,11(7), 1107-1114. doi:10.1111/j.1526-4637.2010.00837.x Litwin, M. (1995).How to Measure Survey Reliability and Validity. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications. Liu, P., Li, Z. (2014). Corrigendum to Comparison of task complexity measures for emergency operating procedures: Convergent validity and predictive validity [Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf. 121 (2014) 289293].Reliability Engineering System Safety,127, 97. doi:10.1016/j.ress.2014.03.002 Patchen, M. (1965).Some questionnaire measures of employee motivation and morale. [Ann Arbor]: Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan. Saipanish, R., Lotrakul, M., Sumrithe, S. (2009). Reliability and validity of the Thai version of the WHO-Five Well-Being Index in primary care patients.Psychiatry And Clinical Neurosciences,63(2), 141-146. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1819.2009.01933.x Schubert, A. (2009). Validity and Reliability of Faculty Evaluations.Anesthesia Analgesia,108(6), 1992. doi:10.1213/ane.0b013e31819f9775 Sherif, Y. (1987). The reliability and validity of correlating human health hazards and nicotine content in cigarettes.Microelectronics Reliability,27(5), 859-865. doi:10.1016/0026-2714(87)90334-9 WU, W. (2008). Assessment of reliability and validity of food frequency questionnaire.Acad J Sec Mil Med Univ,28(5), 571-573. doi:10.3724/sp.j.1008.2008.00571
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